Representation and structuring of knowledge in the semantic oriented computing environment.
Part 1. Integration conceptual graphs and logical networks based on formalization of structured situations 

Vladimir Ivanovich Volchikhin, Doctor of engineering sciences, professor, president of Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), cnit@pnzgu.ru
Nadezhda S. Karamysheva, Candidate of engineering sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of computer engineering, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), karamyshevans@yandex.ru
Maksim A. Mitrokhin, Doctor of engineering sciences, associate professor, head of the sub-department of computer engineering, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), vt@pnzgu.ru
Sergey A. Zinkin, Doctor of engineering sciences, associate professor, professor of the sub-department of computer engineering, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), zsa49@yandex.ru

Background. A technique for deep knowledge structuring in a semantic-oriented intelligent computing environment based on the expansion of the descriptive capabilities of Petri nets by integrating them with conceptual graphs is proposed. One of the bases for integrating these formalisms for describing situational systems models is not only convenient graphical representations of conceptual graphs and Petri nets, but also their general semantics based on the use of domain properties. The applications obtained as a result of the integration can be further used as prototypes when creating expert or reference systems, as well as expert simulation systems for various subject areas. The relevance of research on conceptual graphs and Petri nets is associated with a wide area of their applicability in modeling discrete-event systems. Concept-events and causal relationships between them can be used in conceptual graphs. For participants in events, the roles they play can be defined. Petri nets are actually models similar to semantic nets and conceptual graphs that define relationships between position objects and transition objects. The integration is based on the static and dynamic components of the Petri net on the one hand, and on the other hand, the declarative nature of conceptual graphs. The purpose of the study is to expand the field of activity based on the interpretation of Petri nets and conceptual graphs and their integration by identifying the general semantics associated with the semantics and concepts of the studied subject area. Materials and methods. Integration and interpretation of conceptual graphs and logical, or binary, Petri nets is based on the use of first-order predicate logic, the theory of Petri nets, and the study of the applicability of conceptual models in various subject areas. Results. A technique for the synthesis of conceptual logical Petri nets is proposed based on the identification of the general semantics of conceptual graphs and Petri nets, as a result of which models with declarative, imperative and dynamic properties can be built.

relations, predicates, concepts, production rules, conceptual graphs, logical Petri nets, integration, interpretation, structuring and representation of knowledge, declarative and imperative models, conceptual Petri nets, model dynamics

Volchikhin V.I., Karamysheva N.S., Mitrokhin M.A., Zinkin S.A. Representation and structuring of knowledge in the semantic oriented computing environment. Part 1. Integration conceptual graphs and logical networks based on formalization of structured situations. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Tekhnicheskie nauki = University proceedings. Volga region. Engineering sciences. 2023;(2):24–51. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2072-3059-2023-2-3